You've been managing properties for years. You know your residents, your buildings, your cash flow. But then someone mentions "HOTMA compliance" or asks about your "T-12 financials," and suddenly you're searching Google like you've never run a property before.

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Here's the truth: property management isn't complicated. Property management jargon is.

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The software industry, government agencies, and industry associations have layered acronyms, compliance terms, and platform-specific vocabulary on top of what should be straightforward work. Your job is managing properties and residents—not decoding alphabet soup.

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At ExactEstate, we were built by people who've been in your shoes. People who've processed late-night maintenance calls, navigated HUD audits, and sat through compliance training that left more questions than answers. So we've decided to do something radical: explain what everyone else assumes you already know.

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The Housing Programs Landscape: What You Actually Need to Know

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If you manage affordable housing, you're probably juggling multiple funding sources and compliance regimes. Let's break down what each one means and why it matters.

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HUD Programs: The Foundation

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HUD (Housing and Urban Development) is the federal agency that funds and oversees most affordable housing programs. If you work in affordable housing, HUD is the authority you answer to. Period. Also relevant: the FHA (Federal Housing Administration), which offers various loan types and insurance programs for housing.

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Under the HUD umbrella, you're likely dealing with one or more of these:

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LIHTC (Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program): This is probably the most common program you'll encounter. LIHTC projects use tax credits as their primary funding source and come with strict income and rent restrictions. You'll spend a lot of time verifying resident incomes and ensuring units stay affordable. The certification you file is called a TIC (Tenant Income Certification), which documents that your residents actually qualify for the program.

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HOME (Home Investment Partnerships Program): Another HUD funding source that requires compliance with affordable housing requirements. Similar income restrictions, similar paperwork requirements.

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PBRA (Project-Based Rental Assistance Program) and PBV (Project-Based Vouchers Program): These programs tie assistance directly to specific units at your property. This means the funding follows the unit, not the resident, which significantly changes your compliance obligations.

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HCV (Housing Choice Vouchers), formerly known as Section 8: This is portable assistance that follows the resident. They bring their voucher to you. Your job is to verify income limits, calculate the resident's payment, and process the government portion correctly. The acronym changed from Section 8 to HCV, but you'll still hear the old name constantly. Just know they're the same thing.

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TRAC (Transition Resource Action Center): If you work with youth experiencing homelessness or at imminent risk of homelessness, TRAC provides housing through HUD programs. This is a specific housing continuum focused on emancipated homeless youth, with connections to FYI (Foster Youth Initiative) and FUP (Family Unification Project) vouchers. Different from TRACS (the compliance system)—different program entirely.

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The Compliance Paperwork: What Gets Filed and Why

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Once you've got residents in your property, you're filing compliance reports. Here's what they are:

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MINC (Management Interactive Network Connection): If you manage USDA/RD properties, you'll be submitting to MINC monthly. This system collects your project budget information and tenant residency data. Transmissions are due by the 10th of each month at 11:59 PM CST. It sounds simple, but it's mission-critical—if you miss the deadline, HUD will know.

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TRACS (Tenant Rental Assistance Certification System): This is where you report on residents receiving rental assistance. It's the official HUD system for tracking assisted units and resident eligibility.

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REAC and MOR Inspections: REAC (Real Estate Assessment Center) inspections are the physical property evaluations HUD conducts. MOR (Management & Occupancy Review) is HUD's deep dive into your compliance files and financial records. You can't avoid these, so focus on being audit-ready all year.

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Tenant Alert and ShofCorp: When screening residents, you'll likely use Tenant Alert, which provides quick credit reports from TransUnion, Experian, or Equifax, along with nationwide checks on criminal and eviction records. If you're managing affordable housing properties, you may also interact with ShofCorp, HUD's compliance portal for tracking certifications and documentation requirements.

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The New Compliance Landscape: HOTMA Changes Everything

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If you've been doing this for a while, compliance used to feel fairly stable. Then Congress passed something called HOTMA.

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HOTMA (Housing Opportunity Through Modernization Act) fundamentally changed how affordable housing compliance works. Released by HUD to modernize aged affordable housing programs, HOTMA affects income limits, recertification requirements, rent calculations, and more. Most software vendors announced HOTMA implementation around October 2024, but the exact timeline depends on HUD's release of final forms and guidance.

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Here’s what matters: HOTMA is a big deal. It changes how rent is calculated, how often households are recertified, and what documentation must be maintained. If your property management software hasn’t adapted to support HOTMA-driven workflows, you’re creating extra manual work and risk for your team.

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ExactEstate is built to support compliance-ready operations by giving you the right structure—centralized documentation, updated data fields, and clear audit trails—so your compliance partners can do their job without relying on spreadsheets or workarounds.

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Your Property Structure: How ExactEstate Organizes Your Data

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Now, let's talk about how your property actually gets organized in a system designed by property managers.

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Everything starts with your property—the overall building or complex you manage. But properties contain multiple layers:

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• Buildings are the individual structures within your property. One property might have 12 buildings. Each building gets its own name, street address (important for mail), and building identification number (BIN), assigned by your state.
• Units are individual apartments, townhomes, or houses within those buildings. This is where residents actually live. Each unit is assigned to a floor plan, which determines how rent charges are calculated and which areas are inspected during move-ins and move-outs.
• Floorplans are your unit types—1BR/1BA, 2BR/2BA, etc. But here's where it gets smart: you can assign different pricing to the same floorplan using Designations (pricing versions). You can price a corner unit differently from a standard unit, all within the same floorplan. You can also set the Utility Allowance here, which is important for HUD properties when calculating resident payments.
• Inspection Locations and Inspection Items are the specific areas and objects you check during move-ins and move-outs. Think: keys, parking passes, appliances, condition of the walls. When done right, this prevents disputes and protects your deposits.

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In addition to units, you track parking passes, garages, mailboxes, and storage units. These aren't theoretical—they're the actual assets residents lease. When you have a dispute about whether someone was supposed to get a parking pass, having it documented in your system saves you hours of argument. 

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Violations track lease infractions and community rule breaches—noise complaints, unauthorized pets, parking issues —whatever your property rules cover. Documenting violations in your system instead of filing paper notices gives you a clear, timestamped record if matters escalate to eviction proceedings. When a resident claims they "never received notice," your documentation tells a different story.

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Rental Add-Ons are charges beyond the base lease price, including washer/dryer in-unit, fitness center access, and pet fees. Here are ways to standardize pricing for extras without complicating your base rent structure. CAM (Common Area Maintenance) charges are a common add-on in multifamily properties that pass along costs for shared amenities and services to residents in proportion. NNPP (Non-Necessary Personal Property) charges apply to items residents add to their lease beyond the standard—this distinction matters for lease enforcement and move-out disputes.

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Financial Operations: The Stuff That Actually Makes You Money

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Here's where the rubber meets the road.

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Rent collection is the core. ExactEstate handles automatic rent collection, allowing residents to set up recurring payments through the resident portal. These payments typically process via ACH (Automated Clearing House), the electronic network that moves funds directly from bank accounts. No more chasing residents for checks—just automatic transfers on the due date. Residents can also pay by credit or debit card, giving them the flexibility to choose how they pay. Some residents prefer the convenience of a card—especially when cash flow is tight—and offering multiple payment methods increases on-time payment rates across your portfolio.

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Late fees are critical for cash flow. You can set different late fee structures for regular residents and Section 8/HCV residents (which often have different rules). You can configure:

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• Initial Late Fee: The first charge when someone is late
• Daily Late Fee: Additional charges for each day beyond the initial grace period
• Percentage-Based Fees: Charge a percentage of their lease instead of a flat fee
• Days Until Charged: Your grace period before fees kick in

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These rules matter. Get them wrong, and you're either not collecting what you're owed or you're violating regulations that restrict what you can charge Section 8/HCV residents.

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Your financial records are maintained in your ledger—the accounting backbone of your property. This tracks accounts receivable (what residents owe you), accounts payable (what you owe vendors), bringing it all together in the general ledger.

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T-12 (Trailing 12 Months) financials are your annual performance statement—critical for lenders, investors, and your own sanity check on whether your property is actually profitable. Understanding your ROI (Return on Investment) on each property helps you decide where to allocate resources and whether deals make sense.

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Rent rolls are your occupancy snapshots—showing every unit, the current tenant, the lease amount, the lease term, and the expiration date. Lenders love these. Investors demand them. You need to update them monthly.

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Operations: Making Maintenance Actually Work

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• Work Orders are how maintenance gets done. Residents submit them through the portal (or staff create them). Maintenance staff are assigned, they complete the work, and it is closed out. Simple concept, but most software makes this painful with endless clicks.
• Work Order Inventory tracks your supplies—paint, air filters, and common maintenance items. When you're tracking 50 units, and maintenance is constantly running low on supplies, this becomes surprisingly important to your bottom line.
• Vendor Management tracks all the contractors you use—HVAC, plumbing, and landscaping. When you need to know if you've already used someone or how much you paid them last year, you shouldn't have to dig through email.

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Compliance Certifications: The Paperwork That Keeps You Legal

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• TIC (Tenant Income Certification) is a document that verifies your residents' eligibility for affordable housing. You file these annually (or per your program's recertification schedule). HOTMA changed when you do these, so pay attention.
• AR (Annual Recertification) is the process of verifying that residents still qualify—still within income limits and still need assistance. Different programs have different schedules.
• IC (Initial Certifications) are completed when a resident first moves into an affordable housing unit. This is where you verify income, household composition, and program eligibility for the first time. Get this right at move-in, and your annual recertifications become significantly easier — get it wrong, and you're chasing corrections for the life of that tenancy.
• IR (Interim Recertification) occurs between annual recertifications when a resident's circumstances change—job loss, a new household member, or an income increase. Some programs require them, others make them optional. Either way, processing these promptly protects both your compliance standing and your residents' rent calculation accuracy.
• The TM (Terminations) document records the end of a resident's assistance or tenancy — whether due to a voluntary move-out, transfer, or program non-compliance. Filing termination paperwork correctly in your program's reporting system is critical because incomplete terminations can leave "ghost" residents in your compliance data, creating entirely preventable audit findings.
• Subsidy programs pay you to offer reduced rents to low-income tenants. Understanding your subsidy amount is critical because it directly affects your rent calculations and cash flow modeling.

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Housing Types: One Size Doesn't Fit All

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You might manage just one type of property, or you might juggle all of these:

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• Affordable/Subsidized Housing: Government funds the difference between market rent and what residents can afford. Your compliance burden is high, but so is your revenue stability.
• Multifamily Housing: Traditional apartments where residents pay market rate. Fewer compliance headaches, but you're competing on features and service quality. When you hear MDU (Multi-dwelling unit), that's just another way of saying multifamily—multiple residential units in one property or complex.
• BFR (Built For Rental): A property financing structure distinct from LIHTC or HOME. BFR properties use different loan programs and have different compliance requirements, but the property management principles remain the same.
• HOA (Homeowners Association) Communities: You manage common areas and enforce covenants for owner-occupied properties. Different regulatory environment entirely.
• Student Housing: College/university students need different amenities and lease terms than traditional renters.
• Senior Housing: Residents 55+ with different needs, marketing, and sometimes regulatory requirements.
• Single-Family Housing: Individual houses you manage. Logistically different from apartment complexes, but the principles are the same.
• Blended Housing: Multiple funding sources in one project. Complex compliance is increasingly common.

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How It All Works Together: The Technology Side

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One thing you might see in vendor discussions is ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning System)—that's industry jargon for an integrated software platform that handles multiple business functions (accounting, operations, leasing) in one place. That's what ExactEstate is built to be: an ERP designed specifically for property management, not a generic business software retrofit.

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BOS (Blended Occupancy Specialists) is a role you might encounter at larger properties, particularly those managing blended housing with multiple funding sources. These specialists coordinate between different programs' requirements—crucial work when you're managing LIHTC units next to HOME units next to market-rate in the same property.

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Industry Organizations: Where Property Managers Actually Gather

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If you're serious about staying current, you probably belong to at least one of these:

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• NAHMA (National Affordable Housing Management Association): The big tent for affordable housing operators.
• NAA (National Apartment Association): For multifamily professionals.
• REAC/MOR: HUD's assessment and review processes—not an organization, but critical to know.
• Regional versions exist too—SAHMA (Southeast), AAS (Atlanta), GNAA (Nashville). These are where you find local expertise and network with peers who understand your market.
• WAHN (Women's Affordable Housing Network): Specific community for women in affordable housing.

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Why This Matters: How Complexity Becomes Your Cost

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You didn't go into property management to become a compliance expert or a jargon translator. You went into it to create housing, serve residents, and run a sustainable business.

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But every moment you spend:

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• Decoding what "HOTMA implementation" means
• Manually calculating rent under new compliance rules
• Searching for where you documented that resident's income certification
• Contacting support because your software won't run REAC-compliant reports
• Training staff on yet another complicated system

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...is a moment you're not managing your property.

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This is exactly why ExactEstate was built differently. We're a team of property managers who got tired of fighting software built by developers who've never processed a late-night maintenance call or navigated an actual HUD audit.

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We built a system where:

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• Rent calculations are automatic based on your program rules
• Income certifications are standardized by state and program, and documented properly
• Reports generate in seconds, not hours of spreadsheet wrestling
• Support comes from people who actually understand affordable housing

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You shouldn't have to become a jargon expert to manage your property effectively. Your software should translate the complicated stuff into simple, intuitive workflows that mirror how you actually work—not how programmers think you should work.

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If you're currently managing properties while translating acronyms and manually working around compliance changes, it doesn't have to be this hard.

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Life is too short to hate your property management software.

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Ready to get back to actually managing properties instead of fighting your system? [Schedule a demo of ExactEstate]—and see what software built by property managers actually looks like.

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